Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/274529 
Year of Publication: 
2023
Series/Report no.: 
GLO Discussion Paper No. 1319
Publisher: 
Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen
Abstract: 
How does conflict exposure affect trust? We hypothesize that direct (first-hand) experience with conflict induces parochialism: trust towards out-groups worsens, but trust towards in-groups, owing to positive experiences of kin solidarity, may improve. Indirect exposure to conflict through third-party accounts, on the other hand, reduces trust toward everyone. We find consistent support for our hypotheses in a lab-in-the-field experiment in Maluku, Indonesia, which witnessed a salient Christian-Muslim conflict during 1999-2002, as well as in three cross-country datasets exploiting temporal and spatial variation in exposure to violence. Our results help resolve a seeming contradiction in the literature and inform policies on resolving conflicts.
Subjects: 
trust
conflict
direct exposure
indirect exposure
religion
discrimination
JEL: 
C93
D74
Z12
Z13
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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