Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/327687 
Year of Publication: 
2025
Series/Report no.: 
CESifo Working Paper No. 12077
Publisher: 
Munich Society for the Promotion of Economic Research - CESifo GmbH, Munich
Abstract: 
We study deforestation in a dynamic world trade system. We first document that between 1990-2020: (i) global forest area has decreased by 7.1 percent, with large heterogeneity across countries, (ii) deforestation is associated with expansions of agricultural land use, (iii) deforestation is larger in countries with a comparative advantage in agriculture, and (iv) population growth causes deforestation. Motivated by these facts, we build a model in which structural change and comparative advantage determine the extent, location, and timing of deforestation. Using the model, we obtain conditions under which reductions in trade costs and tariffs reduce global deforestation. Quantitatively, eliminating global agricultural tariffs has limited impacts on global forest area, leads to substantial forest reallocation across countries, and results in net welfare benefits.
Subjects: 
international trade
deforestation
dynamics
land use
trade policy
JEL: 
F1
F18
Q5
N5
Document Type: 
Working Paper
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