Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/321868 
Year of Publication: 
2025
Series/Report no.: 
ZEW Discussion Papers No. 25-030
Publisher: 
ZEW - Leibniz-Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung, Mannheim
Abstract: 
A robust Research & Innovation (R&I) ecosystem is essential for progress, economic resilience, and addressing complex challenges. At the heart of this ecosystem, knowledge fuels innovation and further discovery. However, knowledge leakage (the loss of valuable information) can disrupt this cycle. This poses a challenge for what is known as Trusted Research & Innovation (TRI), a framework designed to strengthen research security, protect national interests, and build resilient research systems. Despite its significance, the challenges of TRI remain poorly understood. This report investigates knowledge leakage. It begins with an overview of the TRI context, focusing on policymaking, and then reviews the literature on knowledge leakage and related concepts. An exploratory data analysis examines novel empirical data to better understand the extent of knowledge leakage and how it impacts economic areas of defence, economic, and national security importance. The data analysis finds that industries deemed important for economic and national security (the UK's 'sensitive economic areas') have an 18% higher incidence of leakage than those that are not.
Subjects: 
knowledge leakage
research security
theft of IP
economic security
national security
Trusted Research & Innovation
JEL: 
F52
O25
O33
O34
O38
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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