Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/305399 
Year of Publication: 
2024
Series/Report no.: 
ADBI Working Paper No. 1465
Publisher: 
Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI), Tokyo
Abstract: 
Forced displacement results from some form of direct or indirect violence or factors known as push factors. Such migration is not an outcome of volition but of coercion. Based on a systematic review of relevant literature, this report presents rapidly rising trends of forced displacement in the Asia and Pacific region. Three main causes of forced displacement are outlined and discussed-violence, inequality and environment and climate change. Following a political economy analysis, the report stresses the intersectionality of the three factors that ultimately results in forced displacement. The report highlights systemic inequality as the root cause for forced displacement and concludes that force displacement, if remains unchecked, could pose challenges to achieve the goals of inclusive and sustainable development as well as achieving the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030 in the region. The report recommends recognizing forced displacement as an emergent vulnerability that would require a coordinated humanitarian and developmental approach to tackle its rapid rise.
Subjects: 
forced displacement
forced migration
refugees
asylum seekers
internally displaced persons
stateless persons
environmental refugees
climate change-induced displacement
reverse migration
forced migration theories
JEL: 
O19
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
Creative Commons License: 
cc-by-nc-nd Logo
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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