Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/192358 
Year of Publication: 
2004
Series/Report no.: 
Discussion Papers No. 376
Publisher: 
Statistics Norway, Research Department, Oslo
Abstract: 
All Annex B parties but Russia, Australia and USA, have ratified the Kyoto Protocol so far. It is still an open question whether Russia will ratify and secure that the Protocol enters into force. This paper therefore analyzes consequences of some proposed alternatives if the Russians decide not to ratify. The paper focuses on two cases where a limited number of the remaining Annex B parties respond to Russian withdrawal by the establishment of a new "mini-Kyoto" agreement whereby these parties commit themselves to the emission caps, the rules for emissions trading, compliance etc. set out in the Protocol. Environmentally, implementation of the Kyoto Protocol without participation from Russia and Ukraine is obviously superior to implementation with Russian/Ukrainian participation, due to the implied withdrawal of hot air based permits from the market. Implementation of the Kyoto Protocol without Russian/Ukrainian participation will, furthermore, imply higher costs to the remaining countries. This paper provides estimates of the permit price and environmental benefits that are likely if the proposed "mini-Kyoto" agreements are implemented.
Subjects: 
Russia
Kyoto Protocol
Global warming
Emissions trading
CDM
JEL: 
Q30
Q41
Document Type: 
Working Paper

Files in This Item:
File
Size
202.62 kB





Items in EconStor are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.