Bitte verwenden Sie diesen Link, um diese Publikation zu zitieren, oder auf sie als Internetquelle zu verweisen: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/71315 
Erscheinungsjahr: 
2010
Schriftenreihe/Nr.: 
UCD Centre for Economic Research Working Paper Series No. WP10/24
Verlag: 
University College Dublin, UCD School of Economics, Dublin
Zusammenfassung: 
The key result of the so-called New Trade Theory is that countries gain from falling trade costs by an increase in the number of varieties available to consumers. Though the number of varieties in a given country rises, it is also true that global variety decreases from increased competition wherein imported varieties drive out some local varieties. This second result is a major issue for anti-trade activists who criticize the move towards free trade as promoting homogenization or Americanization of varieties across countries. We present a model of endogenous entry with heterogeneous firms which models this concern in two ways: a portion of a consumer's income is spent overseas (i.e. tourism) and an existence value (a common tool in environmental economics where simply knowing that a species exists provides utility). Since lowering trade costs induces additional varieties to export and drives out some non-exported varieties, these modifications result in welfare losses not accounted for in the existing literature. Nevertheless, it is only through the existence value that welfare can fall as a result of declining trade barriers. Thus, for these criticisms of globalization to dominate, it must be that this loss in the existence value outweighs the direct benefits from consumption.
Schlagwörter: 
Trade theory
Globalization
Variety
Tourism
JEL: 
F10
F12
F13
Persistent Identifier der Erstveröffentlichung: 
Dokumentart: 
Working Paper

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