Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/323191 
Year of Publication: 
2025
Citation: 
[Journal:] Empirical Economics [ISSN:] 1435-8921 [Volume:] 68 [Issue:] 5 [Publisher:] Springer [Place:] Berlin, Heidelberg [Year:] 2025 [Pages:] 2383-2411
Publisher: 
Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Abstract: 
This study provides a policy evaluation of laws allowing early school enrollment of children, i.e., enrollment before the official school starting age. It investigates the effects of early enrollment on educational attainment, wages and employment. While the school starting age is usually determined by children’s date of birth and legal cutoffs, some German states allowed early enrollment in some years. Exploiting state and cohort variation, the results show that male early enrollees attain fewer years of schooling, enter the labor market earlier and have a larger labor market attachment at around age 16. Positive wage effects persist until approximately age 35. Results for women roughly resemble those for men, but they are less convincingly estimated.
Subjects: 
Early enrollment policy
Early school entry
Wages
Employment
School starting age
JEL: 
I28
J21
J24
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
Creative Commons License: 
cc-by Logo
Document Type: 
Article
Document Version: 
Published Version

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