Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/322381 
Year of Publication: 
2025
Series/Report no.: 
Working Papers No. 2025-09
Publisher: 
Banco de México, Ciudad de México
Abstract: 
We propose a methodology to calculate the mismatch between places of work and places of residence that incorporates monetary and opportunity transportation costs while correcting for possible overestimation of job accessibility. This methodology enables the analysis of spatiotemporal changes in spatial mismatch without discarding data from spatial units that change over time. We apply the methodology to measure spatial mismatch in Medellín, Colombia, for public and private transportation from 2012 to 2017. In line with previous work, our results indicate that including transportation and opportunity costs leads to a more realistic measure of job availability. Despite investments in public transportation and infrastructure, spatial mismatch in Medellín increased between 2012 and 2017. Our analysis shows that job accesibility through private transport decreased more than through public transport, and that the expansion of the latter in Medellín may have mitigated spatial mismatch.
Subjects: 
Spatial Mismatch
Job Accessibility
Travel Times
Transport Costs
Public and Private Transport
JEL: 
J61
R41
R42
Document Type: 
Working Paper
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