Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/315308 
Year of Publication: 
2024
Citation: 
[Journal:] International Tax and Public Finance [ISSN:] 1573-6970 [Volume:] 31 [Issue:] 2 [Publisher:] Springer US [Place:] New York, NY [Year:] 2024 [Pages:] 593-634
Publisher: 
Springer US, New York, NY
Abstract: 
In this paper, we analyse a sample of voluntarily published country-by-country reports (CbCRs) of 35 multinational enterprises (MNEs). We assess the value added and the limitations of qualitative and quantitative information provided in the reports based on a comparison to individual MNEs’ annual financial reports and aggregate CbCR data provided by the OECD. In terms of data quality, we find that the inclusion of intra-company dividends and equity-accounted profits are a minor concern on average but that for individual MNEs corrections might be substantial. Our sample MNEs seem to pay higher effective tax rates than the global average and many of them report relatively little profit in tax havens. We only find a very weak correlation of the location of profits and effective tax rates. This might indicate that more tax transparent MNEs avoid taxes less aggressively. However, our assessment of different tax risk indicators reveals important variations between companies.
Subjects: 
Multinational corporation
Country-by-country reporting
Effective tax rate
Profit shifting
Tax haven
JEL: 
F23
H25
H26
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
Creative Commons License: 
cc-by Logo
Document Type: 
Article
Document Version: 
Published Version

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