Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/314569 
Year of Publication: 
2025
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 17672
Publisher: 
Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
A randomized experiment in Togo found that personal initiative training for small businesses resulted in large and significant impacts for both men and women after two years. We revisit these entrepreneurs after seven years, and find long-lasting average impacts of personal initiative training of $91 higher profits per month, which is larger than the 2-year impacts. However, these long-term impacts are very different for men and women: the impact for men grows over time as they accumulate more capital and increase self-efficacy, whereas the impact for women is flat or declines, and capital build-up is much more limited.
Subjects: 
microentrepreneurship
business training
personal initiative
firm growth
JEL: 
O12
O17
L26
J24
J16
D22
Document Type: 
Working Paper

Files in This Item:
File
Size





Items in EconStor are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.