Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/272761 
Year of Publication: 
2023
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 16134
Publisher: 
Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
While gender differences in labor force participation and wages have been studied extensively, gender gaps in cognitive skills among adults are not yet well understood. Using the PIAAC dataset, this paper presents novel findings on cognitive skill distributions by gender across 34 countries. Despite increasing educational equality, inequalities in numeracy skills favoring men compared to women are pervasive. These skill differences account for a sizable part of the gender wage gap. Furthermore, there are larger disadvantages for women at the top of the wage distribution, which are complemented by lower returns to skills compared to men. We also find that these numeracy-wage patterns are especially pronounced for parents and for those with the highest degree in a non-STEM field of study.
Subjects: 
gender wage gap
skills
numeracy
PIAAC
JEL: 
I24
J16
J24
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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