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Erscheinungsjahr: 
2020
Schriftenreihe/Nr.: 
JRC Working Papers on Taxation and Structural Reforms No. 02/2020
Verlag: 
European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Seville
Zusammenfassung: 
The aim of this study is to analyze redistribution within the Austrian tax-benefit system. In this work we take a comprehensive view and include not only direct taxation and cash benefits, but also indirect taxes and in-kind transfers. We look at two kinds of redistribution: between the households belonging to different income groups, and between generations, taking the life-cycle perspective. Our analysis shows that indirect taxes, as known from the previous literature, have a regressive effect on the tax-benefit system. On the contrary, in-kind benefit seem to have a progressive effect. To analyse the impact of both, we extend our income concept by both, indirect taxes and in-kind benefits. If we look on the distributional impact, we find that the inequality-enhancing effect of indirect taxes is more than off-set by the inequality-reducing effect of in-kind benefits. The Gini coefficient increases from 0.24 to 0.26 due to indirect taxes, but when adding in-kind benefits, the Gini coefficient is reduced to 0.23. The overall effect of both, indirect taxes and in-kind benefits is progressive.
Schlagwörter: 
tax-benefit model
EUROMOD
welfare state
Austria
in-kind benefits
JEL: 
I38
H24
D31
Creative-Commons-Lizenz: 
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Dokumentart: 
Working Paper

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