Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/238527 
Year of Publication: 
2020
Series/Report no.: 
ADBI Working Paper Series No. 1170
Publisher: 
Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI), Tokyo
Abstract: 
ASEAN countries need to consider more innovative, market-oriented approaches to accelerate energy efficiency improvement, and well-designed voluntary agreements will play a critical role in raising the awareness of companies and engaging them with the materialization of multiple energy efficiency benefits. This study reviews how successful voluntary agreements on energy efficiency in five countries (the People's Republic of China, Finland, Japan, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom) achieved their targets in order to draw implications for designing future voluntary agreements in ASEAN countries. We find that three design elements, namely ambitious and realistic target setting, effectively enforceable incentives and penalties, and a strong monitoring and evaluation mechanism, are essential for well-functioning voluntary agreements in these five countries. In addition to these elements, the unique conditions of each country must be considered and transparency must be ensured to maximize the effectiveness of voluntary agreements.
Subjects: 
voluntary agreements
energy efficiency
energy efficiency policy
energy-intensive industry
ASEAN
JEL: 
Q48
H32
Creative Commons License: 
cc-by-nc-nd Logo
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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