Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/224040 
Year of Publication: 
2020
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 13598
Publisher: 
Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
We document substantial variation in the effects of a highly-effective literacy program in northern Uganda. The program increases test scores by 1.4 SDs on average, but standard statistical bounds show that the impact standard deviation exceeds 1.0 SD. This implies that the variation in effects across our students is wider than the spread of mean effects across all randomized evaluations of developing country education interventions in the literature. This very effective program does indeed leave some students behind. At the same time, we do not learn much from our analyses that attempt to determine which students benefit more or less from the program. We reject rank preservation, and the weaker assumption of stochastic increasingness leaves wide bounds on quantile-specific average treatment effects. Neither conventional nor machine-learning approaches to estimating systematic heterogeneity capture more than a small fraction of the variation in impacts given our available candidate moderators.
Subjects: 
essential heterogeneity
heterogeneous treatment effects
education
JEL: 
I25
I26
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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