Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/202877 
Year of Publication: 
2019
Series/Report no.: 
Danmarks Nationalbank Working Papers No. 137
Publisher: 
Danmarks Nationalbank, Copenhagen
Abstract: 
I build a DSGE model where households face two occasionally binding credit constraints: a loan-tovalue (LTV) constraint and a debt-service-to-income (DTI) constraint. From an estimation of the model, I infer when each constraint was binding over the 1975-2017 timespan. The LTV constraint often binds in contractions, when house prices are relatively low - and the DTI constraint mostly binds in expansions, when mortgage rates are relatively high. Moreover, both constraints unbind during robust expansions. I also infer that DTI standards were relaxed during the mid-2000s credit boom, going from a maximally allowed DTI ratio of 28 pct. in 1999 to 35 pct. in 2006. In the light of this, the boom could have been avoided by tighter DTI limits. A lower LTV limit could contrarily not have prevented the boom, since soaring house prices slackened this constraint. In this way, whether or not a constraint binds shapes its effectiveness as a macroprudential tool. The role of multiple credit constraints for the emergence of nonlinear dynamics is corroborated by county panel data.
Subjects: 
Multiple credit constraints
Nonlinear estimation of DSGE models
State-dependent credit origination
JEL: 
C33
D58
E32
E44
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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