Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/162291 
Year of Publication: 
2017
Series/Report no.: 
Tinbergen Institute Discussion Paper No. 17-025/VIII
Publisher: 
Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam and Rotterdam
Abstract: 
We study the efficiency of private supply of roads under demand uncertainty and evaluate various regulatory policies. Due to demand uncertainty, capacity is decided before demand is known, but tolls can be adjusted after demand is known. Policy implications can differ considerably from those under deterministic demand. For instance, for serial links, the toll in the second-best zero-profit case is no longer equal to the marginal external congestion cost. In the first-best scenario, the capacity under uncertain demand is higher than that under deterministic demand of the same expected value, though self-financing still holds in expected terms. Regulation by competitive auction cannot replicate the second-best zero-profit result and thus leads to a lower welfare, whereas without uncertainty various forms of competitive auctions can attain this second-best optimum. For more complex networks, when private firms add capacity in turn, contrary to the case without demand uncertainty, some form of auction performs better than others with demand uncertainty.
Subjects: 
Traffic Congestion
Road Pricing
Uncertain Demand
Road Network
Private Supply
Auction
JEL: 
D63
H23
R41
R42
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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