Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/154919 
Authors: 
Year of Publication: 
1998
Series/Report no.: 
Nota di Lavoro No. 61.1998
Publisher: 
Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM), Milano
Abstract: 
The purpose of this paper is to introduce a modification of a standard four input production process where energy is used in an inefficient way due to partly unnecessary waste of energy. In this production process, R&D investment is an additional input in order to improve energy efficiency. It closes the gap between energy purchased and energy used effectively. The more is invested, the less is the waste of energy. With the cost and benefit of R&D investment incorporated in our model of the firm, we analyze the impact of an energy tax on R&D effort, on output and on the waste of energy. The model is implemented empirically by choosing a translog cost function and a set of first-order conditions, using data for the German chemical industry, 1970-1995. In a simulation study based on higher energy prices we found outsourcing as the consequent reaction of the firm - more material is used and less of energy, labor, and capital, given the unchanged output level. There is no indication of a double dividend in terms of environmental improvement as well as higher demand for labor on the industry level calling for a computable general equilibrium approach in order to answer this open question.
Subjects: 
Production process
Energy demand
Energy saving technical change
Process R&D expenditures
Energy tax
JEL: 
C51
D21
O31
Q41
Q48
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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