Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/126348 
Year of Publication: 
2015
Series/Report no.: 
WIDER Working Paper No. 2015/023
Publisher: 
The United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER), Helsinki
Abstract: 
The degree of choice households have over their consumption expenditure is critical in deciding their economic class. Applying our measure to Egyptian household budget surveys, we estimate the population size of the middle class in Egypt and assess their well-being in the period 1995-2011. Our findings show that if economic growth is pro-poor and inclusive, more people at the lower end of income distribution will graduate into the middle class category. The increase in poverty rates and decline in the size of the middle class since 2005 indicates that the growth process in Egypt was anti-poor and anti-middle class.
Subjects: 
consumption expenditure
inequality
measurement
middle class
poverty
JEL: 
D63
E21
I32
B41
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
ISBN: 
978-92-9230-908-4
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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