Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/62533 
Authors: 
Year of Publication: 
2012
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 6663
Publisher: 
Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
The late 19th and early 20th century British labour market experienced an influx of female clerical workers. Employers argued that female employment increased opportunities for men to advance; however, most male clerks regarded this expansion of the labour supply as a threat to their pay and status. This paper examines the effects of female employment on male clerks using data from Williams Deacon's Bank covering a period 25 years prior and 25 years subsequent to the initial employment of women. It is shown that within position women were substitutes for men, although the degree of substitutability was less for older men than for juniors. In addition, the employment of women in routine positions allowed the Bank to expand its branch network, creating new higher-level positions, which were almost always filled by men.
Subjects: 
clerical labour markets
female employment
spill over effects
internal labour markets
JEL: 
N3
J3
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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