Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/36370 
Year of Publication: 
2009
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 4526
Publisher: 
Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
According to Becker's (1957) famous theory on discrimination, entrepreneurs with a strong prejudice against female workers forgo profits by submitting to their tastes. In a competitive market their firms lack efficiency and are therefore forced to leave. We present new empirical evidence for this prediction by studying the survival of startup firms in a large longitudinal matched employer-employee data set from Austria. Our results show that firms with strong preferences for discrimination, i.e. a low share of female employees relatively to the industry average, have significantly shorter survival rates. This is especially relevant for firms starting out with female shares in the lower tail of the distribution. They exit about 18 months earlier than firms with a median share of females. We see no differences in survival between firms at the top of the female share distribution and at the median, though. We further document that highly discriminatory firms that manage to survive submit to market powers and increase their female workforce over time.
Subjects: 
Firm survival
profitability
female employment
discrimination
market test
matched employer-employee data
JEL: 
J16
J71
L25
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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