Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/322038 
Year of Publication: 
2025
Series/Report no.: 
ECB Working Paper No. 3027
Publisher: 
European Central Bank (ECB), Frankfurt a. M.
Abstract: 
Climate change is a global-scale structural change, affecting economies across the world, alongside global fragmentation, digitalisation and demographics. This paper analyses the diffusion of climate policies and technologies and the role of institutions and governance in that process. It discusses theory, models and data available to date, and the empirical evidence for the 20 European Union and all 40 countries covered by the OECD's Environmental Policy Stringency index. The results indicate that institutions and governance have significant effects towards a greater speed and spread of diffusion of climate policies and technologies, and that separating the speed and spread effects is essential for assessing the green transition.
Subjects: 
adaptation
mitigation
renewability
sustainability
transition
JEL: 
E02
O11
Q20
Q55
Q58
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
ISBN: 
978-92-899-7110-2
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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