Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/311144 
Year of Publication: 
2024
Series/Report no.: 
ECB Working Paper No. 2980
Publisher: 
European Central Bank (ECB), Frankfurt a. M.
Abstract: 
By applying a structural demand model to unique consumer-level survey data from the euro area, we assess how different CBDC design options, combined with individual (revealed) preferences, influence the potential demand for a digital euro. Estimating the demand for a digital euro, we find that if it were unconstrained, it could range, in steady state, between 3-28% of household liquid assets or €0.12 - €1.11 trillion, depending on whether consumers would perceive the digital euro to be more cash-like or deposit-like. With an illustrative €3,000 holding limit per person, it could instead range between 2-9% or €0.10 - €0.38 trillion. Privacy, automatic funding, and instant settlement raise its potential demand.
Subjects: 
Central bank digital currency
demand estimation
structural model
design attributes
JEL: 
E41
E50
E58
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
ISBN: 
978-92-899-6830-0
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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