Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/93339 
Year of Publication: 
2014
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 7993
Publisher: 
Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
In an aging society, determining which factors contribute to the employment of older individuals is increasingly important. We examine the impact of medical innovations on the employment of middle-aged women focusing on the specific case of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT), a common treatment for the alleviation of negative menopausal symptoms. HRT medications were among the most popular prescriptions in the United States until 2002 when the Women's Health Initiative Study – the largest randomized control trial on women ever undertaken – documented the health risks associated with their long term use. We exploit the release of these findings within a Fixed Effect Instrumental Variable framework to address the endogeneity in HRT use. Our results indicate substantial benefits of HRT use to the short-term employment of middle-aged women.
Subjects: 
employment
pharmaceutical treatments
Hormone Replacement Therapy
JEL: 
I1
H8
J2
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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