Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/62574 
Year of Publication: 
2012
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 6830
Publisher: 
Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
A shortage of skilled labor and low female labor market participation are problems many developed countries have to face. Besides activating inactive women, one possible solution is to support the re-integration of unemployed women. Due to female-specific labor market constraints (preferences for flexible working hours, discrimination), this is a difficult task, and the question arises whether active labor market policies (ALMP) are an appropriate tool to do so. Promoting self-employment among the unemployed might be promising. Starting their own business might give women more independence and flexibility in allocating their time to work and family. Access to long-term informative data allows us to close existing research gaps, and we investigate the impact of two start-up programs on long-run labor market and fertility outcomes of female participants. We find that start-up programs persistently integrate former unemployed women into the labor market and partly improve their income situations. The impact on fertility is less detrimental than for traditional ALMP programs.
Subjects: 
start-up subsidies
evaluation
long-term effects
female labor force participation
fertility
JEL: 
J68
C14
H43
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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