Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/60622 
Year of Publication: 
2002
Series/Report no.: 
Staff Report No. 156
Publisher: 
Federal Reserve Bank of New York, New York, NY
Abstract: 
By historical standards, the U.S. economy has experienced a period of remarkable stability since the mid-1980s. One explanation attributes the diminished variability of economic activity to information-technology-led improvements in inventory management. Our results, however, indicate that the changes in inventory dynamics since the mid-1980s played a reinforcing—rather than a leading—role in the volatility reduction. A decomposition of the reduction in the volatility of manufacturing output shows that it almost entirely reflects a decline in the variance of the growth contribution of shipments. And although the volatility of total inventory investment has fallen, the decline occurred well before the mid-1980s and was driven by the reduced variability of materials and supplies. Our analysis does show that since the mid-1980s, inventory dynamics have played a role in stabilizing manufacturing production: Inventory 'imbalances' are corrected more rapidly, and the quicker response of inventories to aggregate shocks—at all stages of fabrication—buffers production from fluctuations in sales to a greater extent. But more extensive production smoothing and faster dissolution of inventory imbalances appear to be a consequence of changes in the way industry-level sales and aggregate economic activity respond to shocks, rather than a cause of changes in macroeconomic behavior.
Subjects: 
inventories, inventory management, business cycles, GDP volatility
JEL: 
E32
E22
D24
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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