Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/58986 
Year of Publication: 
2012
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 6423
Publisher: 
Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
In this paper the main focus lies on the shadow economy and on work in the shadow in OECD, developing and transition countries. Besides informal employment in the rural and non-rural sector also other measures of informal employment like the share of employees not covered by social security, own account workers or unpaid family workers are shown. The most influential factors on the shadow economy and/or shadow labor force are tax policies and state regulation, which, if they rise, increase both. Furthermore the discussion of the recent micro studies underline that economic opportunities, the overall burden of the state (taxes and regulations), the general situation on the labor market, and unemployment are crucial for an understanding of the dynamics of the shadow economy and especially the shadow labor force.
Subjects: 
shadow economy
undeclared work
shadow labor force
tax morale
tax pressure
state regulation
labor market
JEL: 
K42
H26
D78
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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