Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/35131 
Year of Publication: 
2008
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 3574
Publisher: 
Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
We present evidence for the motherhood wage penalty in Spain as a representative Southern European Mediterranean country. We use the European Community Household Panel (ECHP, 1994-2001) to estimate, from both pool and fixed-effects methods, a wage equation in terms of observed variables and other non-observed individual characteristics. The empirical results confirm that there is clear evidence of a wage penalty for Spanish working women with children. Specifically, the fact that there is a birth in the family during the current year means that the woman loses 9% of her wage. We also find that having one child living in the household means a significant loss in wages of 6%, having two children, almost 14%, and having three or more, more than 15%.
Subjects: 
Fixed-effects estimation
motherhood wage penalty
Spain
JEL: 
J30
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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