Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/343916 
Authors: 
Year of Publication: 
2026
Series/Report no.: 
ETLA Working Papers No. 138
Publisher: 
The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy (ETLA), Helsinki
Abstract (Translated): 
The recent drastic decline of fertility has further worsened the negative intrinsic growth of Finland. The country appears to be on a path towards decline. Net migration has kept the actual growth positive, especially because the migrants are younger than the receiving population. Their fertility has also been markedly higher. However, new data show that the fertility of the recent migrants has declined to the low level of native Finns. Graphics is used to describe the structure and development of Finland's population. Short commentaries are associated with each of the approximately thirty figures. Aspects of population development that tend to be ignored in public discussion, are highlighted. Individual's perspective is emphasized. Technical language is avoided, and there are no mathematical formulas. A short list of demographic terms, a list of suitable references, and details of the Statistics Finland source data, are provided.
Subjects: 
Fertility
Age distribution
Mortality
Migration
Population development
Finland
JEL: 
J11
J12
J13
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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