Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/330732 
Year of Publication: 
2025
Citation: 
[Journal:] Process Science [ISSN:] 2948-2178 [Volume:] 2 [Issue:] 1 [Article No.:] 19 [Publisher:] Springer International Publishing [Place:] Cham [Year:] 2025
Publisher: 
Springer International Publishing, Cham
Abstract: 
Ambiguity in business process models can result in multiple interpretations by model readers. This leads to undesirable outcomes such as misunderstandings, unclear allocation of responsibilities, and unexpected behaviors. Despite these potential consequences, the impact of ambiguity on model readers has received limited attention so far. This article presents an eye-tracking study designed to investigate the effects of various types of ambiguity (i.e., layout, semantic, syntactic, and lexical) on readers' cognitive load, comprehension, and visual associations while interpreting process models. In addition, the study delves into the behaviors of model readers when resolving ambiguity in process models. These behaviors are investigated following a qualitative approach combining both eye-tracking and think-aloud data. The results demonstrate that ambiguities significantly influence cognitive load, comprehension, and visual associations, emphasizing the negative effects of ambiguity. Moreover, the qualitative insights suggest that participants exhibit specific behaviors when trying to resolve ambiguities. These findings underscore the need for advanced mechanisms to detect and mitigate ambiguity in process models.
Subjects: 
Ambiguity
Process models
Eye-tracking
Cognitive load
Visual behavior
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
Creative Commons License: 
cc-by Logo
Document Type: 
Article
Document Version: 
Published Version

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