Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/329953 
Year of Publication: 
2022
Citation: 
[Journal:] Games [ISSN:] 2073-4336 [Volume:] 13 [Issue:] 3 [Article No.:] 42 [Year:] 2022 [Pages:] 1-24
Publisher: 
MDPI, Basel
Abstract: 
We develop a numerical model that simulates the evolution of a virtual population with an incentive and ability-based wage, capital yield from savings, social welfare system, and total income subject to taxation and political turnovers. Meta-heuristics, particle swarm optimization (PSO) in particular, is used to find optimal taxation given the constraints of a plurality democracy with yardstick vote. Results show that the policymaker tends to a taxation system that is highly punitive for a minority in order to win the election by benefiting others. Such decision-making leads to a cyclic taxation policy with high taxation targeting sequential portions of the population.
Subjects: 
decision-making
meta-heuristics
optimal tax
particle swarm optimization
simple majority
voting
yardstick competition
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
Creative Commons License: 
cc-by Logo
Document Type: 
Article
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