Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/323600 
Year of Publication: 
2025
Citation: 
[Journal:] Journal of Conflict Resolution [ISSN:] 1552-8766 [Volume:] 69 [Issue:] 2/3 [Publisher:] Sage [Place:] Thousand Oaks, CA [Year:] 2025 [Pages:] 406-433
Publisher: 
SAGE, Thousand Oaks, CA
Abstract: 
China and India increasingly provide aid and credit to developing countries. This article explores whether India uses these financial instruments to compete for geopolitical and commercial influence with China. We build a new geocoded dataset of Indian government-financed projects in the Global South between 2007 and 2014 and combine it with data on Chinese government-financed projects. Our regression results for 2,333 provinces within 123 countries demonstrate that India’s Exim Bank is significantly more likely to locate a project in a given jurisdiction if China provided government financing there in the previous year. Since this effect is more pronounced in countries where India is more popular relative to China and where both lenders have a similar export structure, we interpret this as evidence of India competing with China. By contrast, we do not find evidence that China uses official aid or credit to compete with India through co-located projects.
Subjects: 
development finance
foreign aid
official development assistance
official credits
South-South cooperation
China
India
geostrategic competition
geospatial analysis
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
Creative Commons License: 
cc-by-nc Logo
Document Type: 
Article
Document Version: 
Published Version

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