Bitte verwenden Sie diesen Link, um diese Publikation zu zitieren, oder auf sie als Internetquelle zu verweisen: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/320560 
Erscheinungsjahr: 
2025
Schriftenreihe/Nr.: 
IDOS Discussion Paper No. 17/2025
Verlag: 
German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS), Bonn
Zusammenfassung: 
Access to critical raw materials (CRMs) is increasingly being shaped by geopolitical dynamics, fuelling a global competition for supply security. This paper applies the gravity model of trade to examine how OECD countries leverage Aid for Trade (AfT), Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs), and Preferential Trade Agreements (PTAs) to influence CRM imports from developing countries. Using extensive bilateral panel data from 1995 to 2023, we find that PTAs are particularly effective, affecting both the intensive and extensive margins of trade. These findings highlight the strategic role of formal trade agreements and suggest that a coordinated policy mix of trade diplomacy, investment, and aid is essential for resilient and diversified CRM supplies.
Schlagwörter: 
Aid for Trade
Bilateral Investment Treaties
critical raw materials
extensive margin
intensive margin
gravity model
Preferential Trade Agreements
JEL: 
F13
F14
F15
F21
F35
F53
Persistent Identifier der Erstveröffentlichung: 
ISBN: 
978-3-96021-262-1
Creative-Commons-Lizenz: 
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Dokumentart: 
Working Paper

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