Bitte verwenden Sie diesen Link, um diese Publikation zu zitieren, oder auf sie als Internetquelle zu verweisen: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/318436 
Erscheinungsjahr: 
2025
Schriftenreihe/Nr.: 
Policy Notes and Reports No. 92
Verlag: 
The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies (wiiw), Vienna
Zusammenfassung: 
This note examines the grants and loans provided by the European Union (EU) and China to the Western Balkan economies. The EU remains dominant in grant funding, with annual Instrument for Preaccession Assistance (IPA) grants averaging 0.8% of the region's GDP, far above the 0.02% of GDP from Chinese grants. In terms of loans, however, China has nearly caught up with the EU. On an annual basis, the EU has committed loans equal to approximately 1.5% of the region's GDP, while China has provided loans in the amount of 1.2%. Notably, in Serbia, China's loan portfolio now exceeds the size of the EU's. EU loans are cheaper and more transparent but come with stricter conditions for implementation and requirements for institutional reforms. In contrast, Chinese loans are more flexible and quicker to implement, making them appealing to Western Balkan politicians. However, this flexibility comes at a cost, as Chinese loans are significantly more susceptible to corruption, often deliver questionable quality, and have been linked to various drawbacks, such as workers' rights violations and environmental degradation.
Schlagwörter: 
EU
China
Western Balkans
grants
loans
investment
JEL: 
F21
F35
H81
Dokumentart: 
Research Report

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