Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/316358 
Year of Publication: 
2025
Series/Report no.: 
ECONtribute Discussion Paper No. 362
Publisher: 
University of Bonn and University of Cologne, Reinhard Selten Institute (RSI), Bonn and Cologne
Abstract: 
We survey the recent literature in economics using open-ended survey data to uncover mechanisms behind economic beliefs and behaviors. We first provide an overview of different applications, including the measurement of motives, mental models, narratives, attention, information transmission, and recall. We next describe different ways of eliciting open-ended responses, including single-item open-ended questions, speech recordings, and AI-powered qualitative interviews. Subsequently, we discuss methods to annotate and analyze such data with a focus on recent advances in large language models. Our review concludes with a discussion of promising avenues for future research.
Subjects: 
Open-ended Questions
Text Data
Methodology
Surveys
Large Language Models
JEL: 
C90
D83
D91
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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