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Erscheinungsjahr: 
2024
Schriftenreihe/Nr.: 
CESifo Working Paper No. 11596
Verlag: 
CESifo GmbH, Munich
Zusammenfassung: 
This paper investigates the role of firm heterogeneity in environmentally extended new trade models, contrasting Eaton-Kortum and Melitz models to Armington and Krugman models. We show that when emissions per sales are constant across firms -- a standard assumption in the literature -- all four models predict identical emission responses. However, when emissions per quantity are constant across firms, this equivalence breaks. We propose a generalized framework that nests both assumptions. Calibrating the model with multiple industries and estimating the key elasticity between emission intensity and productivity using German firm-level data, we find that firm heterogeneity considerably raises emissions from trade liberalization.
Schlagwörter: 
international trade
carbon emissions
firm heterogeneity
quantitative modeling
JEL: 
F11
F12
F18
Q56
Dokumentart: 
Working Paper
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