Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/305738 
Year of Publication: 
2024
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 17296
Publisher: 
Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
We produce estimates of the pecuniary costs of inadequate investment in human capital for countries, macro regions and the world at large. These costs are borne by individuals (private costs), the government (fiscal costs), and society, which includes both individuals and the government (social costs). We estimate that, in 2030, the global annual private costs of having a share of children with less than basic skills at its 2021 value rather than at zero are equal to 9,154 billion 2015 dollars, or 17.1 percent of global GDP in 2030.
Subjects: 
early school leaving
low basic skills
private
fiscal and social costs
JEL: 
I24
I25
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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