Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/305242 
Authors: 
Year of Publication: 
2024
Series/Report no.: 
SWP Comment No. 49/2024
Publisher: 
Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik (SWP), Berlin
Abstract: 
At least since Russia deployed North Korean artillery and ballistic missiles against Ukraine, it is obvious that Pyongyang fuels conflicts far beyond North-East Asia. Yet, the indirect threats that North Korea poses to Europe's security and stability have developed a new quality: Pyongyang is actively supporting Russia's and Iran's security policy goals by supplying ammunition for fighting the wars in Ukraine and the Middle East. North Korea has thereby raised its strategic value for Moscow and Tehran. This allows Pyongyang to expand and exploit these partnerships in service of its own interests and to jointly expand and secure supraregional networks for violating sanctions and engaging in smuggling. The EU needs more information and international cooperation in order to understand Pyongyang's practices and to identify and use opportunities to shape the current situation.
Subjects: 
artillery
ballistic missiles
Russia
Iran
war in Ukraine
war in the Middle East
violating sanctions
smuggling
nuclear proliferation
Multilateral Sanctions Monitoring Team
NATO
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
Creative Commons License: 
cc-by Logo
Document Type: 
Research Report

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