Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/299312.2 
Year of Publication: 
2023
Series/Report no.: 
Research Group on Human Capital - Working Paper Series No. 23-03
Version Description: 
October 2025 (revised version)
Publisher: 
Université du Québec à Montréal, École des sciences de la gestion (ESG UQAM), Groupe de recherche sur le capital humain (GRCH), Montréal
Abstract: 
The present study exploits longitudinal tax files linked to Census data to measure the contribution of age at immigration to the intergenerational income mobility of immigrant children. We first estimate the causal effect of children’s age at immigration on adulthood income using a siblings fixed effects model of years of exposure to the host country. Up to 10 years old, the relationship between age at immigration and income is weak, but starting at age 11, each additional year is associated with a decrease in adulthood income rank of close to half a percentile rank. We then find that adjusting the 1.5 generation’s income ranks for age at immigration results in an intergenerational rank-rank coefficient that is lower by 0.018, or 10.2% of the (unadjusted) intergenerational income transmission estimate of the 1.5 generation. Earlier immigration has the potential to improve intergenerational economic mobility.
Subjects: 
intergenerational income mobility
immigrants
1.5 generation
age at immigration
Canada
JEL: 
J62
J61
J15
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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2 10419/299312.2 This version: October 20, 2025
1 10419/299312 First version: May 30, 2023

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