Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/2933 
Year of Publication: 
2003
Citation: 
[Journal:] Economic modelling [ISSN:] 0264-9993 [Volume:] 20 [Issue:] 2 [Publisher:] Elsevier [Place:] Amsterdam [Year:] 2003 [Pages:] 237-273
Publisher: 
Elsevier, Amsterdam
Abstract: 
This paper examines the movements in EU unemployment from two perspectives: (a) the NRU/NAIRU perspective, in which unemployment movements are attributed largely to changes in the long-run equilibrium unemployment rate and (b) the chain-reaction perspective, in which unemployment movements are viewed as the outcome of the interplay between labor market shocks and prolonged lagged adjustment processes. We present an empirical analysis that distinguishes between unemployment movements arising from long-run equilibrium changes and those arising from lagged intertemporal adjustments. This analysis has far-reaching policy implications. Our analysis shows that the rise in EU unemployment over the 1970s and first part of the 1980s was due largely to permanent shocks (especially the rise in working-age population and the decline in capital formation), whereas the unemployment increase in the first part of the 1990s was due largely to temporary shocks (especially the fall in competitiveness and the rise in real interest rates).
Subjects: 
Unemployment
natural rate
NAIRU
labor market shocks
employment
labor force participation
wage determination
intertemporal adjustments
JEL: 
J32
J60
J64
E30
E37
Document Type: 
Article
Document Version: 
Manuscript Version (Preprint)

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