Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/282643 
Year of Publication: 
2023
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 16516
Publisher: 
Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
Welfare caseloads in North America halved following reforms in the 1990s and 2000s. We study how this shift affected families by linking Canadian welfare records to tax returns, medical spending, educational attainment, and crime data. We find substantial and heterogeneous employment responses that increased average income despite reduced transfers. We find zero effects on aggregate health expenditures, but mothers saw reduced preventative care and increased mental health treatment, consistent with the transition to employment elevating time pressure and stress. We find no effect on teenagers' education and criminal charges as young adults but do find evidence of intergenerational welfare transmission.
Subjects: 
welfare
income
health
JEL: 
H23
H31
I14
I24
I38
J62
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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