Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/278911 
Year of Publication: 
2023
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 16213
Publisher: 
Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
Morocco's trade liberalization policies have promoted economic progress over the past two decades. However, effects on Morocco's local labor market outcomes vary. By combining three complementary approaches and modeling techniques, this paper estimates: (i) how trade agreements have increased trade flows, (ii) the relationship between trade exposure and mixed local labor market outcomes, and (iii) the relationship between firm employment and exports. Our results show that trade policy has increased trade flows, but this has led to mixed results for workers: increased trade has decreased informality but has failed to improve female labor force participation (FLFP). This appears to be due to a shift from female labor-intensive industries, such as apparel and textile sectors, to capital-intensive sectors that are predominantly male-intensive. Our firm level analysis confirms these results by showing that increase in employment from exports has occurred mainly in male, labor-intensive sectors.
Subjects: 
trade policy
trade flows
labor market outcomes
firm dynamics
JEL: 
F13
F16
O14
O19
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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