Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/274233 
Authors: 
Year of Publication: 
2023
Series/Report no.: 
ETLA Report No. 139
Publisher: 
The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy (ETLA), Helsinki
Abstract: 
A drastic decline in global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is needed to stop the climate change. This requires a variety of political and market mechanisms. Europe is globally at the forefront among the industrialised countries in reducing its GHG emissions. We analyse the development of emission intensities - GHG emissions relative to value added produced - and use a panel data to further our understanding of their evolution at the level of industries in 2008-2020 in Europe. We find that labour productivity is negatively associated with changes in GHG-emission intensities. Furthermore, higher investments, higher carbon prices within the ETS mechanism, and higher environmental taxes are associated with lower GHG-emission intensities. Consequently, policies that promote productivity growth and financial incentives to decrease emissions lead to lower emissions. Finland's carbon competitiveness, as measured by relative GHG-emission intensities, varies by industries.
Subjects: 
Greenhouse gas emissions (GHG)
GHG-intensity
Carbon competitiveness
Productivity
ETS
JEL: 
C23
O44
Q54
Q56
Document Type: 
Research Report

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