Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/271902 
Year of Publication: 
2023
Series/Report no.: 
CESifo Working Paper No. 10258
Publisher: 
Center for Economic Studies and ifo Institute (CESifo), Munich
Abstract: 
The Covid-19 pandemic has been a shock to retail payment behaviour. How have the changes differed across countries? What do they imply for the future of cash and digital payments? We assemble a new "Future of Payments" database on retail payment behaviour for up to 95 countries over September 2019 to June 2022. We compare this with measures of the severity of the Covid-19 pandemic, using variation in the timing of waves of cases, changes in mobility and lockdown measures across countries. We find that card-not-present payments, payment app downloads and the volume of cash in circulation all rose in weeks of more stringent lockdowns. Changes were less pronounced in countries with higher mobile penetration. However, recent data suggest that some effects reversed once lockdowns were eased, and mobility rebounded.
Subjects: 
retail payments
cash
Covid-19 pandemic
digital innovation
JEL: 
E42
I18
O32
O33
Document Type: 
Working Paper
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