Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/264153 
Year of Publication: 
2022
Series/Report no.: 
Document de travail No. 2022-01
Publisher: 
Université du Québec à Montréal, École des sciences de la gestion (ESG UQAM), Département des sciences économiques, Montréal
Abstract: 
We match cell phone data to administrative school records and combine it with information on school learning modes to study effective in-person learning (EIPL) in the U.S. during the pandemic. We find large differences in EIPL for the 2020-21 school year. Public schools averaged less EIPL than private schools. Schools in more affluent localities and schools with a larger share of non-white students provided lower EIPL. Higher school spending and federal emergency funding is associated with lower EIPL. These results are explained in large part by regional differences, reflecting political preferences, vaccination rates, teacher unionization rates, and local labor conditions.
Subjects: 
COVID-19
School closures and reopenings
Effective in-person learning
Inequality
JEL: 
E24
I24
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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