Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/257243 
Authors: 
Year of Publication: 
2021
Citation: 
[Journal:] Economies [ISSN:] 2227-7099 [Volume:] 9 [Issue:] 2 [Article No.:] 85 [Publisher:] MDPI [Place:] Basel [Year:] 2021 [Pages:] 1-11
Publisher: 
MDPI, Basel
Abstract: 
This study investigated the relationship between R&D investments and financial and environmental performance. The direction, size, and significance of various phases of these variables were generated using the bootstrap Fourier quantiles Granger causality test. In our results, a positive relationship between R&D investment and CO2 emission reductions was found at two tails of quantiles. Additionally, we observed a significantly positive relationship between financial performance and CO2 emission reductions at the 0.5 quantile and above. The correlation between R&D investment and financial performance was identified to be positive under the 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.9 quantiles and negative under the 0.5 and 0.6 quantiles. The changing linkages among R&D investment, environmental performance and financial performance found in this study provide important information for policy makers, aiding in the development of R&D strategies to upgrade financial and environmental performance simultaneously.
Subjects: 
bootstrap Fourier quantiles Granger causality test
environmental performance
financial performance
R&D
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
Creative Commons License: 
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Document Type: 
Article

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