Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/256683 
Authors: 
Year of Publication: 
2021
Series/Report no.: 
SWP Comment No. 22/2021
Publisher: 
Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik (SWP), Berlin
Abstract: 
Russia and Turkey are backing opposing warring parties in three active conflicts. However, this adversarial positioning has not hindered cooperation between Moscow and Ankara. They reign in opposing sides and, in effect, stage-manage their respective theatres of wars. Through multilateral arrangements, Europe is an enabler of Turkey's position and could leverage its support to push Ankara to cooperate more effectively with its Western partners.
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
Document Type: 
Research Report

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