Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/247658 
Year of Publication: 
2021
Series/Report no.: 
BoF Economics Review No. 8/2021
Publisher: 
Bank of Finland, Helsinki
Abstract: 
Declining ATM numbers pose a challenge for competition policy and financial regulatory authorities. In this report we review the Finnish experience of regulating the competition in the ATM industry. To analyze the Finnish developments we extend the model of Kopsakangas-Savolainen and Takalo (2014), and draw on the existing literature and benchmarks from the selected other countries. We document how changes in the ATM market regulation and market structure has decoupled the ATM network size from the declining cash use in Finland. The Finnish regulation has almost exclusively focused on foreign fees, while in general it would be better to regulate interchange fees. If the optimal fee regulation is not feasible, the authorities could also consider quantity regulation.
Subjects: 
ATM industry
cash
competition policy
optimal regulation
retail payments
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
Document Type: 
Research Report

Files in This Item:
File
Size





Items in EconStor are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.