Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/236345 
Year of Publication: 
2021
Series/Report no.: 
IZA Discussion Papers No. 14314
Publisher: 
Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Bonn
Abstract: 
We use electoral survey data to examine the impact that two large external shocks had on the development of New Zealand First (NZF), one of the oldest populist parties in the OECD. We find that structural reforms, which led to large negative impacts on particular locations, and immigration reforms, which led to large spatially concentrated increases in skilled migration, both increased voting for NZF in its first years of existence. These shocks led to changes in political attitudes and policy preferences and had persistent effects on voting for NZF even twenty years later. Overall, they play an important role in explaining the rise of populism in NZ. Understanding how these shocks led to the development of NZF is particularly relevant for thinking about how populism has been extending its reach in the 2010s.
Subjects: 
populism
political parties
trade
immigration
shocks
JEL: 
D72
P16
H40
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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