Bitte verwenden Sie diesen Link, um diese Publikation zu zitieren, oder auf sie als Internetquelle zu verweisen: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/229980 
Erscheinungsjahr: 
2020
Schriftenreihe/Nr.: 
ZEF Discussion Papers on Development Policy No. 302
Verlag: 
University of Bonn, Center for Development Research (ZEF), Bonn
Zusammenfassung: 
Acknowledging that individuals dislike having low relative income renders trade less attractive when seen as a technology that integrates two economies by merging separate social spheres into one. We define a "trembling trade" as a situation in which gains from trade are less than losses in relative income, with the result that global social welfare is reduced. We show that a "trembling trade" can arise even when trade is more gainful in four ways: through trade the absolute income of everyone increases, the income gap in both economies is reduced, as is the income gap between the trading economies. However, trade brings populations, economies, or markets that were not previously connected closer together in social space. As a consequence, separate social spheres merge, and people's social space and their comparators are altered. Assuming that people like high (absolute) income and dislike low relative income, the aggregate increase in unhappiness caused by the trade-induced escalation in relative deprivation can result in a negative overall impact of trade on (utilitarian-measured) social welfare, if the absolute income gains are not large enough to mitigate the relative income losses.
Schlagwörter: 
Gains from trade
Increase of incomes
Decrease of income gaps
Integration
Change of social space
Low relative income
Quadruply gainful trade
"Trembling trade"
Social welfare
JEL: 
D31
D63
F10
F15
R12
Dokumentart: 
Working Paper

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