Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/229149 
Year of Publication: 
2021
Series/Report no.: 
GLO Discussion Paper No. 771
Publisher: 
Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen
Abstract: 
Working from home (WFH) has become a key factor during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in countries that have implemented severe social distancing measures. This paper investigates the potential influence of the working from home attitude of occupations on the gender wage gap (GWG) reported by Italian employees, on average and along the distribution. Based on Oaxaca-Blinder decompositions and unconditional quantile regressions, our results show that the GWG is greater among females working in an occupation with a high level of WFH attitude, thus among those more likely to be affected by a (probably) persistent spread of WFH procedures after the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, we find evidence of both sticky floor and glass ceiling effects for employees with a high WFH attitude and only a sticky floor effect for the group with a low WFH attitude. The positive association revealed between the level of WFH attitude and the GWG appears particularly strong among older and married female employees, as well as among those working in the private sector. Finally, this study confirms that allocating adequate resources to programmes and instruments that aim to achieve genderrelated goals is strongly recommended.
Subjects: 
working from home
gender wage gap
COVID-19
Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition
RIF regressions
JEL: 
D31
J31
I24
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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